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Balacra monotonia (Strand, 1912)

Permalink:	BALAMONO
Higher taxa:	Erebidae (family)/ Arctiinae (subfamily)/ Syntomini (tribe)/ Thyretina (subtribe)/ Balacra (genus)/ Pseudapiconoma (subgenus)/
Status:	Accepted
Authorship:	(Strand, 1912)
Citation:	Pseudapiconoma flavimacula Wlk. var. monotonia Strd. n. var.
Original genus:	Pseudapiconoma
Publication:	Strand E. 1912k. Zoologische Ergebnisse der Expedition des Herrn G. Tessmann nach Süd-Kamerun und Spanisch Guinea. Lepidoptera I. (Saturniidae, Brahmaeidae, Striphnopterygidae, Sphingidae, Notodontidae, Syntomididae [sic], Hypsidae und Agaristidae).
Journal:	Archiv für Naturgeschichte
Volume:	78 (A)
Issue:	6
Pagination:	191–192
URL:	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13216413

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Balacra monotonia (1)

Taxonomic note:

Considered as a synonym of Balacra flavimacula Walker, 1856 by S. G. Kiriakoff (1959c: 188); restored as a valid species by Ł. Przybyłowicz (2009: 14).

Przybyłowicz Ł. 2009. Thyretini of Africa. An illustrated catalogue of the Thyretini (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae: Syntominae) of the Afrotropical Region.

Scientific name	TypeStatus	Gender	Museum	Description	Country	Locality	Publication	URL
Balacra monotonia (Strand, 1912)	Syntype	♂	MfN	Syntypes 1♂, 1♀, MfN.	Equatorial Guinea	[Equatorial Guinea], Spanish Guinea, Alén, e.l. 13.x; Ntumgebiet, Makomo, 14.iv, leg. G. Tessmann.

Distribution note:

Taxonomic status unclear, could be a colour form of Balacra flavimacula (see

Scientific name	Country	Province	Publication
Balacra monotonia (Strand, 1912)	Angola		Kiriakoff S. G. 1961b. Die Thyretidae (Lepidoptera: Notodontoidea) der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München. II. Beitrag. page 109 (as angolensis)
Balacra monotonia (Strand, 1912)	Cameroon		Kiriakoff S. G. 1957a. New Thyretidae (Lepidoptera Notodontoidea). page 112 (as simplex)
Balacra monotonia (Strand, 1912)	Congo, the Democratic Republic of the	West Kasai	Kiriakoff S. G. 1957c. Lépidoptères nouveaux du Congo belge. page 280 (as simplicior)
Balacra monotonia (Strand, 1912)	Equatorial Guinea		Strand E. 1912k. Zoologische Ergebnisse der Expedition des Herrn G. Tessmann nach Süd-Kamerun und Spanisch Guinea. Lepidoptera I. (Saturniidae, Brahmaeidae, Striphnopterygidae, Sphingidae, Notodontidae, Syntomididae [sic], Hypsidae und Agaristidae). page 191

Scientific name	Plant	Plant Family	Country	Publication	URL

Scientific name	Parasitoid	Parasitoid Family	Country	Publication	URL

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Scientific Name	Authorship	Rank	Status	Original Combination

Scientific Name	Authorship	Rank	Status	Original Combination
Balacra angolensis Kiriakoff, 1961	Kiriakoff, 1961	species	Synonym	Balacra angolensis
Balacra simplex Aurivillius, 1925	Aurivillius, 1925	species	Synonym	Balacra simplex
Balacra simplicior Kiriakoff, 1957	Kiriakoff, 1957	species	Synonym	Balacra simplicior